Flow of Casson nanofluid with energy transfer and slip effects over an exponentially porous expanding surface and its dual solutions

Abstract

The occurrence of dual solutions of the Casson nanofluid generated by an exponentially expanding surface located in an absorbent medium and second-order slip effects have been examined. In the transverse direction of the flow, a homogeneous magnetic field is taken into account. The model equations are modified using a suitable similarity transformation so that they may be computed using the bvp4c solver technique in MATLAB. The outcomes are presented graphically and in tabular form, along with some innovative flow variables. Two solutions have been identified using the stability analysis, one of which is both physically feasible and stable in nature. As a result of the investigation, it is clear that the fluid's ability to transmit heat is improved by the flow characteristics related to nanofluid. The considering fluid model is one of the best fluid models, as this model reduces the effects of shear stress at the surface during both first and second solutions and protecting the system from flow related damage. We performed a comparison to ensure the accuracy of our results and discovered a good match. The considering fluid model has significant applications in different physical fields such as heat exchangers, cooling of electronic devices and drug delivery in the human body etc. The flow behavior of Casson nanofluids over a stretching surface may lead to improved efficiency, reduced energy consumption and better product quality etc.