SYNTHESIS OF METHYL ESTER FROM OFF GRADE CRUDE PALM OIL USING CaO/a-Fe2O3 AND ITS POTENTIAL AS BIODIESEL

Authors

  • Aman Santoso Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
  • Angger Agus Wijaya Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
  • Sumari Sumari Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
  • Anugrah Ricky Wijaya Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
  • Ihsan Budi Rachman Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia; Graduate School of Engineering and Science - Shibaura institute of Technology, Saitama, Japan
  • Muhammad Roy Asrori Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2023.1020

Keywords:

heterogeneous catalyst, off grade crude palm oil, methyl ester, transesterification

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to synthesize methyl esters from Off Grade (CPO) using a CaO/a-Fe2O3 catalyst and its potential as biodiesel. The experimental laboratory carried out: activation of natural zeolite, characterization of Off Grade CPO, refinement, synthesis of CaO/a-Fe2O3, esterification, trans-esterification using CaO/a-Fe2O3 with mass variation (8:2, 7:3, 6:4), characterization, and identification by GC-MS test. The results showed that Off Grade CPO had the characteristics of: 0.923 g/mol density, 52.27 cSt viscosity, and 15.20% free fatty acid (FFA). CaO/a-Fe2O3 catalyst was successfully synthesized. The optimum conditions for trans-esterification occurred at a mole ratio of oil:methanol about 1:12, 3% catalyst, 60 ?, 3 hours, and a catalyst mass ratio of 8:2. The synthesized methyl ester had the characteristics of: 0.851 g/mL density, 4.790 cSt viscosity, 1.447 refractive index, and 0.50 acid number which was in accordance with the quality standard of SNI Biodiesel 7182:2015.

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Published

2023-02-08

Issue

Vol. 53 No. 2 (2023): Latin American Applied Research

Section

Chemical Engineering

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Latin American Applied Research - An international journal

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