Interaction of phosphorus chemical fertilizer and biochar application on wheat plant

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important elements required for the physiological and biochemical functions of plants. It is well known that there are many limitations to the uptake of phosphorus from soil. In this study, the interaction between different doses of chemical P fertilizer and biochar application on wheat plants was investigated. In this greenhouse experiment, P fertility was studied in calcareous soil with a high pH in southern Turkey. Wheat plants were grown for seven weeks with 3 biochar doses (0-20-40 tonnes ha^-1) and 4 P fertilizer applications (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1). Dry weight (DW), macro (nitrogen (N), P, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg)), and micronutrient (iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn)) concentrations were evaluated in post-harvest plant samples. The efficiency of P utilization (agronomic, physiological, and apparent recovery) was also determined. The dry matter yield increased significantly with increasing biochar dose and P application. The highest agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency of wheat plants were found to be 13.16 mg^-1 and 12.52 % when BOP50 was applied. Increases in N, K, Zn, and Mn concentrations in wheat plants were determined depending on biochar and P dose applications.